The Global Leader Approval List 2022 was released by Morning Consult Political Intelligence, which is a firm that tracks the approval and popularity ratings of several countries across the globe to get an insight into the shifting political dynamics across the world. Storms kill at least 8 in Canada, leave half a million without power. Almost half (45%) say its time for a change in government highest mark since Liberals took office September 28, While they have mixed feelings about Trudeaus celebrity, most Canadians say its good for the country October 19, 2017 , Politics, rather than gender, drives differences in opinion on the issue July 20, 2018 Weeks of unflattering headlines and, Two-thirds of Canadians say the SNC-Lavalin affair is a sign of deeper scandal in the PMO February 26, 2019 , Prime Ministers approval sees double-digit jump after tte--tte with U.S. President June 15, 2018 In the week since a, CPC leads in vote intention, Liberal Party down seven points March 4, 2020 Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and his, Andrew Scheer seen as best leader on the economy; anxiety over deficit has doubled since election June 15, 2017 , Number of Ontarians who approve of PMs job performance drops 16 points since September December 15, 2016 In a, Canadian satisfaction with government rising, though confidence in the economy lags September 15, 2016 As Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, Six-in-ten have a negative impression of new administration based on what Trump has done so far March 6, 2017 , Liberals hold five-point edge in vote intention; two-in-five approve of Trudeau January 27, 2022 Months after a fall election, Most see government working as well as or better than it did with Harper as PM June 22, 2016 , Liberal momentum softens as centre-left voters look again to Greens, NDP September 23, 2019 The question was not whether, At the height of these hockey playoffs, let us pause for a moment and remember the way Team Liberal used, Half (53%) say their opinion of the PM has worsened in the last month July 27, 2020 The WE. New BinaryX Price Prediction 2023-30: Can BNX reach $100 again? Quebecers hold the most unfavorable views, with two-thirds (64%) saying they have negative impressions of Poilievre. In Calgary, the Conservatives are at 50% with the Liberals at 22% and the NDP at 21%. UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson had the lowest rating. Johnson is battling to improve his political image in the country after being accused for holding parties during Covid-19 lockdowns. So even though they might like him a little bit, theyre not necessarily prepared to vote for him unless something changes.. Compared to his Conservative counterparts, Trudeau (-21 net score) has a low approval score: Pierre Poilievre (-7) and Jean Charest (-5). Lpez Obrador: 64% This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. The Global Leader Approval List 2022 was released by Morning Consult Political Intelligence, which is a Approved 7 Disapproved 37. That might explain why, despite 49 per cent of Canadians hoping for a federal election, a slightly smaller number 43 per cent said in the Ipsos poll that they actually think it will happen. The data were weighted according to census data to ensure that the sample matched Canadas population according to age, gender, educational attainment, and region. He showed his inability to behave like a leader by hiding from the protestors and implementing the harshest penalties by law instead of facing them like a man. As weve seen in elections past with NDP leaders, they tend to do well in the polls and they dont do so well on Election Day, he said. The poll findings also show that among former Liberal voters in 2021, only 39 per cent of Canadians held negative views of Pierre Poilievre. Latest Justin Trudeau Approval Rating 2023, Liberal Party Vote Share in the 2021 Election, To Read the Alberta Provincial Election Polls 2023, Click here. The Latest Morning Consult Poll released today reports that Justin Trudeau has maintained his approval ratings at 39%. Canadians weigh in on the Trudeau Brand, Trudeau Groping Allegation: most past Liberal voters unfazed, but one-in-five say PMs response inadequate, Trudeau governments handling of SNC-Lavalin affair opens seven-point lead for CPC over Liberals, Canadians feeling confident, not cowed, post G7; prefer harder line in negotiations with Trump, Federal Politics: Trudeaus approval rating is singed as Liberal government battles fires on several fronts, Trudeau maintains majority approval, but new Conservative leader helps shrink vote intention gap, Is the Honeymoon ending? The Global Leader Approval List 2022 was released by Morning Consult Political Intelligence, which is a The Peoples Party is polling at 7% in Ontario. This page will be updated weekly with the latest data for all 22 countries, offering real-time insight into the shifting political dynamics across the globe. The vote is something of a political gift for Mr. Trudeau, a polarizing figure who has been grappling with the invasion of the Omicron variant and intensifying frustration over pandemic restrictions. "It's time to stop dividing Canadians, to stop pitting one part of the population against another," Lightbound said on Feb. 8. Browse an unrivalled portfolio of real-time and historical market data and insights from worldwide sources and experts. Poilievre must work on his image amongst women and especially the suburban women (a swing group) and convince them that he has solutions for making their lives more affordable. Still, Trudeaus approval rating remains at 45 per cent among the Canadians who were polled ahead of Conservative Leader Pierre Poilievre, who got a 41 per cent approval rating. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau won approval from the House of Commons on Monday night for the Emergencies Act, which he put into play a week ago to end the convoy blockades in Canada. WebTrudeau approval drops below 50 per cent for first time since election The Prime Minister remains more popular than Andrew Scheer and Jagmeet Singh, however December 15, 2017 As Canadians bask Politics & Policy Draghi: 57% Prime Minister Modi has once again proved that his popularity quotient is through the roof not just in India, but across the globe. Will Shiba Inu reach 50 Cents? He showed his inability to behave like a leader by hiding from the protestors and implementing the harshest penalties by law instead of facing them like a man. Near half of Canadians want a 2023 election, says Ipsos poll. Heres what we found: Today, 34% approve, and 49% disapprove of the performance of the Canadian politics Jagmeet Singh Justin Trudeau Pierre Poilievre Conservatives open up an 8-point lead over the Liberals as 70%+ Canadians dont think the Liberal government is focused enough on the cost of living, healthcare or housing. We are writing a more detailed essay on Mr. Trudeaus image over his years in the public eye in Ottawa. Subscribe below. Trudeau "has got a political emergency with his own caucus, in his own party", said Candice Bergen, leader of the Conservative Party, on Wednesday. The poll also shows that if an election were called now, the Conservatives would win 35 per cent compared to 30 per cent for Liberals, and 19 for the NDP. The PM on Jan 16th said a lot is to be done while hinting at upcoming positive news on health care. Enable push notifications on your device. See on Instagram As of now, only 35% of Canadians are happy with Trudeau's performance, in contrast to the 63% rating he had received during a similar study that was done after his first month in office. But Trudeau has doubled down on federal vaccine mandates and this week invoked emergency powers to seek an end to weeks of protests against his government's pandemic restrictions. Hostages taken by anti-oil firm protesters in Colombia are freed, Cuba blasts U.S. for years of disregarding evidence on 'Havana Syndrome', Reporting by Steve Scherer; additional reporting by Nia Williams in Calgary; Editing by Diane Craft, Mexico can't match U.S. incentives for proposed Tesla battery plant, minister says, Bolsonaro denies 'illegal acts' over Saudi jewels; Lula government vows probe, Bank of Canada to hold rates steady at 4.50% through this year, Saudi non-oil business activity surges in February on strong demand-PMI, Brazil's Bolsonaro says 'mission still not over' in speech to US CPAC, UK to unveil new law to stop Channel migrants on Tuesday - paper, Ecuador assembly backs report calling for Lasso impeachment process, Egypt non-oil activity contracts for 27th month as prices surge, Exclusive news, data and analytics for financial market professionals. The study found that 56% of people in Quebec approve of Justin Trudeaus handling of the COVID-19 pandemic. Biden: 41% read more, Protesters have occupied the core of Ottawa since late January and last week cut off major trade corridors to the United States. Screen for heightened risk individual and entities globally to help uncover hidden risks in business relationships and human networks. Please read our Commenting Policy first. Prior to that date, Morning Consult had been tracking President Andrzej Duda. Sign up to receive the latest updates from U.S News & World Report and our trusted partners and sponsors. The Liberals won the 2015 election with nearly 40% share, this fell to 33% in 2019 and 32.6% in 2023. These cookies do not store any personal information. Moon: 41% Morning Consult (@MorningConsult) February 6, 2022. Trudeau mocks Poilievres absence at annual Parliamentary Press Gallery dinner. Trudeaus government has dropped its controversial gun ban amendments. Total Votes: 44. Protesters have occupied the core of Ottawa since late January and last week cut off major trade corridors to the United States. Justin Trudeau enjoys a positive impression among 35% and negative impressions among 46%, for a net score of 11. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The Trudeau government's approval rating fell six percentage points between Jan. 12, before the protests began and Feb. 8, while they were ongoing, an Abacus Data poll said this week. See here for a complete list of exchanges and delays. Find out more about how we can help your organization bydownloadingour corporate profile and service offering. Storms kill at least 8 in Canada, leave half a million without power. We use your sign-up to provide content in ways you've consented to and to improve our understanding of you. According to a new study by the Angust Reid Institute, Quebec is the province in Canada with the highest approval rating of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. We use the latest technology, sound science, and deep experience to generate top-flight research-based advice to our clients. read more. A Leger survey from last week said a third of Canadians think now is the time to lift all restrictions. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. While most Canadians approve of the mandates and 80% are vaccinated, after two years many are tiring of pandemic restrictions. Last week, one of Trudeau's own lawmakers, Joel Lightbound, accused the prime minister of being divisive when he embraced vaccine mandates as a wedge issue in last year's campaign. "The challenge for the Prime Minister is that he's looking dogmatic at not pragmatic," said independent pollster Nik Nanos, founder of Nanos Research. We use cookies to offer you a better user experience on our site. Conservatives keep 8-point lead nationally. Meanwhile, Trudeaus latest approval rating stands at 38 per cent, according to the Angus Reid Institute. By continuing to browse, you consent to our use of cookies. One for cross-border truckers that started in January and sparked the ongoing protests has helped bring the vaccination rate to 90% among international drivers. John Wright, executive vice-president of Maru Public Opinion and a 32-year industry veteran said: The last time Ive seen numbers even close to this was in the final days of Brian Mulroney. Pierre Poilievres favourability is nearly twice as high among men (44%) as women (23%). During the protests, the majority of the country's 10 provinces - including Ontario and Quebec - began lifting them, saying they moved because of the rapidly falling COVID-19 case numbers in the past few weeks, rather than due to pressure from demonstrators. PM Modi has ranked at the top of the list with an approval rating of 72 percent this year, according to the list released by American research firm Morning Consult, making him the most popular world leader on the Global Leader Approval List 2022. Unsurprisingly,65 per cent of Conservative Canadians have a very negative view of the primeminister, which is nearly double the national average of 34 per cent. The global leader and country trajectory data is based on a seven-day moving average of all adults in a given country, with a margin of error of between +/- 1-4%. While a majority of those polled in British Columbia, Alberta, Atlantic Canada and Saskatchewan want an election next year, less than half of Ontarians and Quebeckers are hoping to go to the polls in 2023. A random sample of panelists were invited to complete the survey from a set of partner panels based on the Lucid exchange platform. NEAR Protocol Price Prediction: Will NEAR reach $100? Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. People who are voting for the government on the other side dont necessarily want an election, said Darrell Bricker, CEO of Ipsos, in an interview with Global News. man accused of murdering armed intruder released on bail. Out of the 13, a total of four world leaders had an approval rating of 41 percent - US President Joe Biden, South Korean President Moon Jae-in, Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison, and Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. Approved 7 Disapproved 37. Sun Token Price Prediction 2023, 2025 and 2030: Can SUN Reach $1? Bolsonaro: 36% Justin Trudeaus approval ratings have risen by 5 points over the last 3 months. Jagmeet Singh enjoys a positive impression among 39% and finds negative impressions among 26% for a net score of +13, similar to our results earlier this month. In Quebec, BQ Leader Mr. Blanchet is 36% positive and 31% negative for a net score of +5. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. All interviews are conducted online among nationally representative samples of adults. The federal government currently sits at 50% approval. Modi: 72% BC: Liberals are at 33%, the Conservatives at 30% and the NDP at 28%. The NDP continues to pose a threat to the Liberals even though Jagmeet Singh has failed to beat Trudeau on preference. "This protest movement has put a spotlight on him being divisive, because the fact of the matter is all Canadians are frustrated," Nanos said, adding it would now be tougher for Trudeau to win another election, whenever it may come. The Emergencies Act was not an unpopular choice, and may have more of an effect in dividing Conservatives than drawing voters to their position.. It is no wonder that nearly half of Canadians (47%) now have a worse impression of Trudeau, according to a Nanos Research survey. Totals may not add up to 100 due to rounding. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Some Perspective and Deeper Polling Analysis on the Canada Feels Broken Framing. Compared to his Conservative counterparts, Trudeau (-21 net score) has a low approval score: Pierre Poilievre (-7) and Jean Charest (-5). WILL YOU VOTE FOR TRUDEAU IN A FUTURE ELECTION? With the data showing Trudeau's lowest approval rate since he started as Prime Minister back in 2015. Conservatives lead Liberals by 4 as inflation, healthcare, and the economy in focus. Approval ratings are based on a seven-day moving average of adult residents in each country, with sample sizes varying by country. See on Instagram As of now, only 35% of Canadians are happy with Trudeau's performance, in contrast to the 63% rating he had received during a similar study that was done after his first month in office. By reserving the top rank on the list, the Indian prime minister has left behind several notable world leaders in the race such as US President Joe Biden, UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson, and Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. Storms kill at least 8 in Canada, leave half a million without power. With the data showing Trudeau's lowest approval rate since he started as Prime Minister back in 2015. "We campaigned on vaccine mandates, and parties that supported vaccine mandates got the majority in the house. If only those not vaccinated (1 or no shots) voted, the Conservatives easily win a majority (CPC 38%, PPC 21%, LPC 13%, NDP 13%).. Support is a lot higher than opposition among Liberal voters (79%-13%) NDP voters (63%-23%), and BQ voters (59%-32%). The precision of Ipsos online polls is measured using a credibility interval. He now unabashedly, unapologetically doubles and triples down on the politics of inflammation.. Surveys are weighted in each country by age, gender, region and, in certain countries, education breakdowns based on official government sources. Conservatives open up an 8-point lead over the Liberals as 70%+ Canadians dont think the Liberal government is focused enough on the cost of living, healthcare or housing. Justin Trudeau. You can unsubscribe at any time. WebJustin Trudeau. Conservative voters are more split, with 40% supporting the move, and 50% opposing. We are writing a more detailed essay on Mr. Trudeaus image over his years in the public eye in Ottawa. Snchez: 37% Approval ratings are based on a seven-day moving average of adult residents in each country, with sample sizes varying by country. Taking on Trump: Moderate confidence in Trudeau government to effectively represent national interests in the U.S. Want to discuss? Disable anytime. The federal government currently sits at 50% approval. Trudeau Approval Rating 2023: While Trudeau has a net approval rating of (-)14.7%, this is a gain of 1.3% over Trudeaus Approval rating in 2021 (September), Preferred Prime Minister of Canada Polls (Average): Trudeau: 39.4%, Poilievre: 32.6%, Last 7 Days Google Search Volume: Trudeau: 76%, Poilievre: 24%. His Net approval rating is at -16%. The vaccine mandate for federal workers introduced after the election has brought the vaccination rate among federal employees to 98.2%. The federal government currently sits at 50% approval. Heres what we found: Today, 34% approve, and 49% disapprove of the performance of the Canadian politics Jagmeet Singh Justin Trudeau Pierre Poilievre Conservatives open up an 8-point lead over the Liberals as 70%+ Canadians dont think the Liberal government is focused enough on the cost of living, healthcare or housing. Net approval is 0 in BC, -22 in Alberta, -20 in Saskatchewan and Manitoba, -2 in Ontario, -11 in Quebec and -14 in Atlantic Canada. If an election were held now, the Liberals and Conservatives would be deadlocked at 31% each with the NDP at 20%, the BQ at 8%, and the Peoples Party at 6%. 54% view CPC leader unfavourably, twice the number who said same of Harper at similar point in reign December 19, 35 per cent of Canadians view Pierre Poilievre favourably, 40 per cent approve of Trudeaus performance September 27, 2022 , Liberals enjoy five-point bump in vote intention; two-in-five approve of Trudeaus performance December 10, 2021 Ottawa can be a, Half say invoking the act was needed, others preferred alternate paths to resolution February 2, 2023 As Justice Paul, Seven-in-ten say PM should have taxpayer-funded residence; less support for other political figures January 23, 2023 As the National. PM Modi has ranked at the top of the Global Leader Approval List 2022 once again, leaving behind several prominent leaders. In recent weeks, several reports have been released by the Canadian media. After two more weeks of occupations, blockades, and the invocation of the Emergencies Act, views of the federal government and the Prime Minister have remained fairly steady after a negative turn earlier this month. Top (current) Loser; New; Reports; Login; Search. 2, 2023 | By Peyton Shelburne. We have seen the curves lower in Canada than elsewhere. WebJustin Trudeau. It is no wonder that nearly half of Canadians (47%) now have a worse impression of Trudeau, according to a Nanos Research survey. When the protests started, Mr Trudeau called the group a fringe minority that held unacceptable views. Interestingly, four world leaders - Joe Biden, South Korean President Moon Jae-in, Scott Morrison and Justin Trudeau got an approval rating of 41 percent. OTTAWA (Reuters) - Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau's support of vaccine mandates in fighting COVID-19 helped him win re-election five months ago, but now he looks increasingly isolated as restrictions are being lifted around the world. We recently completed a national survey with a larger than normal sample size of 5,200 Canadian adults completed from February 17 to 22, 2022. We are an innovative, fast-growing public opinion and marketing research consultancy. Historical data is available from the beginning of when Morning Consult started tracking each leader. We were one of the most accurate pollsters conducting research during the 2021 Canadian election following up on our outstanding record in 2019. WebTrudeau approval drops below 50 per cent for first time since election The Prime Minister remains more popular than Andrew Scheer and Jagmeet Singh, however December 15, 2017 As Canadians bask Politics & Policy The same poll also found only 16 percent of Canadians would vote for Mr Trudeau based on his actions at the time. *Updated 02/03/22 pic.twitter.com/h51SXXBAFj Read more: The former vice president has become the Democratic front-runner with primary victories across the country. But blockading streets and critical infrastructure and depriving your neighbors of their freedoms" is not the right way to protest, he said. 23rd Prime Minister of Canada. Canada's Prime Minister Justin Trudeau speaks in the House of Commons about the implementation of the Emergencies Act as truckers and their supporters continue to protest against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine mandates in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, February 17, 2022. 23rd Prime Minister of Canada. However, Strong disapproval remains a challenge for Trudeau. One for cross-border truckers that started in January and sparked the ongoing protests has helped bring the vaccination rate to 90% among international drivers. This is similar to how Trudeau is viewed and is far worse than other opposition leaders in the past. While Lightbound resigned as Quebec caucus chair, he remains a Liberal lawmaker. Meanwhile, Trudeaus latest approval rating stands at 38 per cent, according to the Angus Reid Institute. The NDP will be on a close lookout for the governments healthcare policy as a condition put forth in the special agreement for upholding the Liberal minority government. When Trudeau this week invoked emergency powers to put an end to the protests, he recognized that there was a split in public sentiment. A majority in every region of the country supports invoking the Emergencies Act including 62% in BC, 53% in Alberta, 53% in Manitoba and Saskatchewan, 58% in Ontario, 53% in Quebec, and 52% in Atlantic Canada. Opposition parties NDP and CPC are pushing for an independent and public inquiry into the accounts. Abacus Data follows the CRIC Public Opinion Research Standards and Disclosure Requirements that can be found here: https://canadianresearchinsightscouncil.ca/standards/. Social Media Sentiment Trends: Ethereum vs Cardano vs Solana, Can Solana Reach $5000, $10000? Trudeaus declining job approval in Ontario drives ten-point national slide, Federal Politics: Two-in-three Canadians approve of PM Justin Trudeau. Fifty-four per cent of those polled said Trudeau should step down as the leader of the Liberal Party in 2023, though just 27 per cent said they believe hell do so. Alberta: 49% would vote Conservative compared with 21% for the NDP, 21% for the Liberal Party, and 7% for the Peoples Party. And that's why we were able to do them as soon as we got elected," said a senior Liberal Party source when asked about the criticism from within the party. The leaked reports claim that China meddled in Canadas last two federal elections in 2019 and 2021. While the deadline for the federal election is 2025, the NDP has agreed to keep the Liberal minority government in power until then as long as it abides by the terms of the governance deal struck between the two parties earlier this year. Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. OTTAWA, Ont. REUTERS/Patrick DoyleReuters. Weve seen quicker economic recovery because Canadians stepped up because Canadians got vaccinated., READ MORE:Marvel's Evangeline Lilly calls out Justin Trudeau over protests. This is the highest number recorded since Trudeau was elected in 2015, and since the SNC-Lavalin controversy in 2019. Farage rages at Canada PM over truckers, Furious row explodes as Canadian PM ignites holocaust row, Radio host hangs up on guest after furious Trudeau rant. The Trudeau government's approval rating fell six percentage points between Jan. 12, before the protests began and Feb. 8, while they were ongoing, an Abacus Data poll said this week. Macron: 35% Voters arent elated about the situation in Canada, but they continue to see worse conditions elsewhere, and their frustration level with the federal incumbents is holding pretty steady, for the moment. Approval ratings are based on a seven-day moving average of adult residents in each country, with sample sizes varying by country. These partners are typically double opt-in survey panels, blended to manage out potential skews in the data from a single source. Saudi Arabia's non-oil business sector activity soared to its highest level in eight years in February, a survey showed on Sunday, based on a strong increase in demand and an optimistic economic outlook. It is no wonder that nearly half of Canadians (47%) now have a worse impression of Trudeau, according to a Nanos Research survey. The industry leader for online information for tax, accounting and finance professionals. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Of Justin Trudeau's six years as prime minister, only one his first has been what might be considered a normal year of governing, with the usual ups and downs. In Edmonton, the Conservatives are at 44% followed by the NDP at 26% and the Liberals at 23%. See today's front and back pages, download the newspaper, order back issues and use the historic Daily Express newspaper archive. The Liberals lead the Conservatives by 12 in Toronto, 8 in the GTHA, while the Conservatives are ahead in the Southwest region of the province 34% to 27%. Interestingly, four world leaders - Joe Biden, South Korean President Moon Jae-in, Scott Morrison and Justin Trudeau got an approval rating of 41 percent. "It's time to stop dividing Canadians, to stop pitting one part of the population against another," Lightbound said on Feb. 8. Liberal support drops in Quebec by 5 points in 3 weeks. Of Justin Trudeau's six years as prime minister, only one his first has been what might be considered a normal year of governing, with the usual ups and downs. But Trudeau has doubled down on federal vaccine mandates and this week invoked emergency powers to seek an end to weeks of protests against his government's pandemic restrictions. The Trudeau government's approval rating fell six percentage points between Jan. 12, before the protests began and Feb. 8, while they were ongoing, an Abacus Data poll said this week. Respondents were asked whether they would say things in their country are going in the right direction or have gone off on the wrong track. Reuters, the news and media division of Thomson Reuters, is the worlds largest multimedia news provider, reaching billions of people worldwide every day. "This protest movement has put a spotlight on him being divisive, because the fact of the matter is all Canadians are frustrated," Nanos said, adding it would now be tougher for Trudeau to win another election, whenever it may come. Last Updated: Thursday, Mar. We are writing a more detailed essay on Mr. Trudeaus image over his years in the public eye in Ottawa. PM Modi ranked at the top of the Global Leader Approval List 2022 for the third time this year, followed by Mexico President Obrador at 64 percent, Italy PM Mario Draghi at 57 percent, Fumio Kishida at 47 percent, German Chancellor Olaf Scholz at 42 percent. Total Votes: 44. UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson had the lowest rating. "Time to stop with the division and the distractions. In the other countries, the sample size ranges from roughly 500-5,000. Trudeau is trying to regain control, but has drawn sharp criticism even from some of his own Liberal Party lawmakers, including Nate Erskine-Smith, who said "divisive rhetoric" should be dropped. Trudeau says no Dec 2, 2022, Poilievre overtakes Trudeau as preferred candidate for prime minister: Ipsos poll, Canadas banks brace for possible wave of loan defaults.
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